Izisefo zamangqamuzanaizinto ezibalulekile ezisetshenziswa ezinqubweni ezehlukene zezimboni zokuhlukanisa ama-molecule ngokusekelwe kusayizi nokuma kwawo. Zingama-aluminosilicate ensimbi ecwebezelayo anenethiwekhi exhumanisayo enezinhlangothi ezintathu ye-alumina ne-silica tetrahedra. Okuvame ukusetshenziswa kakhuluama-molecular sievesziyi-3A ne-4A, ezehluka ngobukhulu bazo bembotshana kanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo.
4Amasefa emolekyuli anosayizi wezimbotshana cishe ama-angstrom ama-4, kuyilapho3Izisefo ze-molecularube nosayizi wembotshana omncane ozungeze ama-angstroms ama-3. Umehluko kusayizi we-pore uphumela ekuhlukeni kwamandla abo okukhangisa kanye nokukhetha kwama-molecule ahlukene.4Izisefo ze-molecularngokuvamile zisetshenziselwa ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kwamagesi noketshezi, kanye nokukhipha amanzi kuzincibilikisi negesi yemvelo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izisefo ze-molecular 3A zisetshenziselwa ngokuyinhloko ukukhipha amanzi e-unsaturated hydrocarbons nama-polar compounds.
Ukwehluka kosayizi wembotshana kuphinde kuthinte izinhlobo zama-molecule ezingakhangiswa uhlobo ngalunye lwesisefo samangqamuzana. 4Amasefa amamolekyuli asebenza kahle ekukhangiseni ama-molecule amakhulu njengamanzi, i-carbon dioxide, nama-unsaturated hydrocarbons, kuyilapho izisefo ze-molecular 3A zikhetha kakhulu kuma-molecule amancane njengamanzi, i-ammonia, notshwala. Lokhu kukhetha kubalulekile ezinhlelweni lapho ukungcola okuthile kudinga ukususwa engxubeni yamagesi noma uketshezi.
Esinye isici esibalulekile okufanele sicatshangelwe lapho ukhetha phakathiI-3A kanye ne-4A izisefo ze-molecularamandla azo okumelana namazinga ahlukene okuswakama. 3A izisefo zamamolekyuli zinokumelana okuphezulu nomhwamuko wamanzi uma kuqhathaniswa nezisefo zamamolekyuli angu-4A, okuwenza afanelekele ukusetshenziswa lapho ukuba khona komswakamo kuwukukhathazeka. Lokhu kwenza izisefo ze-molecular 3A zilungele ukusetshenziswa ezinqubweni zokomisa umoya negesi lapho ukususwa kwamanzi kubaluleke kakhulu.
Ngokuphathelene nezicelo zezimboni, ama-sieve e-molecular 4A avame ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni umoya-mpilo ne-nitrogen ezinqubweni zokuhlukanisa umoya, kanye nokomisa iziqandisi negesi yemvelo. Ikhono labo lokususa kahle amanzi ne-carbon dioxide libenza babe yigugu kulezi zinqubo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izisefo ze-molecular 3A zithola ukusetshenziswa okubanzi ekomisweni kwama-hydrocarbon angagcwele, njengegesi eqhekekile, i-propylene, ne-butadiene, kanye nokuhlanzwa kwegesi ye-petroleum ewuketshezi.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukukhetha phakathi kwezisefo ze-molecular 3A kanye ne-4A kuncike ezimfuneko ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza, okuhlanganisa uhlobo lwama-molecule azokhangiswa, izinga lomswakamo elikhona, kanye nokuhlanzeka okufunayo komkhiqizo wokugcina. Ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwalezi zisefo zamamolekyuli kubalulekile ekukhetheni inketho efaneleke kakhulu yenqubo ethile yezimboni.
Ekuphetheni, kuyilapho kokubiliI-3A kanye ne-4A izisefo ze-molecularzibalulekile ezinqubweni ezihlukahlukene zokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kanye nokuhlanza, ukuhluka kwazo ngosayizi we-pore, ukukhetha kwe-adsorption, nokumelana nomswakama kuwenza afanelekele ukusetshenziswa okuhlukile. Ngokuqonda lo mehluko, izimboni zingenza izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nokukhetha kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezisefo zamangqamuzana ukuze zithuthukise izinqubo zazo futhi zifinyelele ubumsulwa bomkhiqizo obufunekayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-27-2024