Izisefo ze-Molecular: Funda mayelana nezicelo zabo kanye nokusetshenziswa

 

ethula

 Izisefo zamangqamuzana, aziwa nangokuthi ama-zeolite okwenziwa, izinto ezimbotshana ezikhangisa ama-molecule ngokususelwe kusayizi wawo kanye ne-polarity. Lesi sakhiwo esiyingqayizivele sivumelaama-molecular sievesukuthola anhlobonhlobo izicelo ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene. Kulesi sihloko, sizojula embuzweni othi “Zisetshenziselwani izisefo zamangqamuzana?” futhi ihlola ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezivamile ngokuningiliziwe.

 

Izicelo zezimboni

Okunye okubaluleke kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwezisefo zamangqamuzana embonini yegesi namafutha. Izisefo zamangqamuzana zidlala indima ebalulekile ekususeni umswakama nokungcola egesini yemvelo, okuyenza ifanelekele ukuthuthwa nokusetshenziswa. Ngokufanayo, izisefo zamangqamuzana zisetshenziswa ezinqubweni zokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kwe-ethanol nasekuhlanzeni ama-hydrocarbon, okwenza kube lula ukukhiqizwa kwezibaseli namakhemikhali ekhwalithi ephezulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izisefo zamangqamuzana zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezinqubweni zokuhlukanisa umoya, okuhlanganisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-nitrogen, umoya-mpilo kanye namanye amagesi ezimboni. Umthamo we-adsorption wezisefo zamangqamuzana usiza ngokuhlukanisa umoya-mpilo nomoya, ukukhiqiza umoya-mpilo ohlanzekile ohlangabezana nezidingo zezimboni eziningi ezihlanganisa ukunakekelwa kwempilo, ukushisela nokusika insimbi.

Embonini ye-petrochemical,ama-molecular sievessebenza njengama-catalysts noma ama-adsorbents ngesikhathi sokuguqulwa kanye nezinqubo zokuhlanza. Zisiza ekususeni ukungcola okunjengesulfure nesikhutha futhi zithuthukise ukusebenza kwama-catalysts, zithuthukise ukukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali namafutha.

Isicelo semvelo

Ikhono lama-molecular sieve lokukhangisa ama-molecule amanzi asuka oketshezini namagesi awenza abe wusizo ekusetshenzisweni kwemvelo okuhlukahlukene. Ngokwesibonelo,ama-molecular sievesasetshenziswa eziqandisini nasezinhlelweni zokupholisa umoya ukuze asuse amanzi, ngaleyo ndlela avimbele ukugqwala nokubanda.

 

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-sieve ama-molecular asetshenziswa kabanzi njengama-desiccants ezintweni zokupakisha ukugcina imikhiqizo efana nemithi kanye ne-electronics yomile. Izakhiwo ze-hygroscopic zezisefo zamangqamuzana ziqinisekisa ukulondolozwa kwekhwalithi futhi zandise isikhathi seshalofu salezi zimpahla ezibucayi.

 

izicelo zezokwelapha

Emkhakheni wezokwelapha,ama-molecular sievesidlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni umoya-mpilo wezokwelapha kanye nokukhipha isikhutha emoyeni okhishwe umoya ngesikhathi sokulaliswa kwezinzwa. Basiza ukuphatha amagesi ezokwelapha ngokuphepha nangempumelelo, ukuthuthukisa ukunakekelwa kwesiguli.

 

Ekuphetheni

Ngamafuphi, izisefo zamangqamuzana zinezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo futhi ziyizinto ezibalulekile egesi yemvelo, i-petroleum, i-petrochemical, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, izimboni zezokwelapha nezinye. Ikhono lazo lokukhangisa ngokukhetha ama-molecule asuselwe kusayizi kanye ne-polarity liwenza abaluleke kakhulu ezinqubweni ezisukela ekuphelelweni amanzi emzimbeni nokuhlanzwa kuya ekuhlukaniseni komoya kanye nokusabela kwe-catalytic. Njengoba isidingo sokuhlanza, ubuchwepheshe obusebenza kahle buqhubeka bukhula, izisefo zamangqamuzana zihlala ziyingxenye ebalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwezimboni eziningi kanye nemvelo.