Ukuguqulwa kwe-Catalytic kuyinqubo ebalulekile embonini yokuhluza i-petroleum, ehloselwe kakhulu ukuthuthukisa izinga likaphethiloli. Phakathi kwezinqubo ezahlukene zokuguqula,Ukuvuselelwa Kwe-Catalyst Eqhubekayo(CCR) ukuguqulwa kugqama ngenxa yokusebenza kahle nokusebenza kahle kwayo ekukhiqizeni uphethiloli we-octane ephezulu. Ingxenye ebalulekile yale nqubo i-catalyst eshintshayo, edlala indima ebalulekile ekusizeni ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okudingekayo ekuguquleni i-naphtha ibe izingxenye ezibalulekile zikaphethiloli.
YiniUkushintsha kwe-CCR?
Ukuguqulwa kwe-CCR kuwubuchwepheshe besimanje bokucwenga obuvumela ukuvuselelwa okuqhubekayo kwe-catalyst esetshenziswa enqubweni yokulungisa. Le ndlela iphambene nokuguqulwa kwenqwaba evamile, lapho i-catalyst isuswa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze ivuselelwe. Ekuguquleni i-CCR, i-catalyst ihlala ku-reactor, futhi ukuvuselelwa kwenzeka kuyunithi ehlukile, okuvumela ukusebenza okuzinzile kanye nokuphuma okuphezulu. Le nqubo eqhubekayo ayithuthukisi kuphela isivuno sikaphethiloli we-octane ephezulu kodwa futhi ithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle okuphelele komsebenzi wokucwenga.
Iqhaza Lama-Catalyst Ekuguquleni
Ama-Catalysts yizinto ezisheshisa ukusebenza kwamakhemikhali ngaphandle kokuthi zidliwe kule nqubo. Kumongo weUkushintsha kwe-CCR, i-catalyst ibalulekile ekuphenduleni okuningi, okuhlanganisa i-dehydrogenation, i-isomerization, ne-hydrocracking. Lokhu kusabela kuguqula ama-hydrocarbon e-straight-chain abe ama-hydrocarbon e-branched-chain, anezilinganiso eziphezulu ze-octane futhi afiseleka kakhulu ekwakhiweni kukaphethiloli.
Ama-catalyst asetshenziswa kakhulu ekuguquleni i-CCR ama-catalyst asuselwa kuplatinamu, avame ukusekelwa ku-alumina. IPlatinum ithandwa ngenxa yomsebenzi wayo omuhle kakhulu nokukhetha ekukhuthazeni ukusabela okufunayo. Ukwengeza, ukusetshenziswa kwe-catalyst esebenza kabili, ehlanganisa kokubili izingosi zensimbi ne-asidi, kuvumela ukuguqulwa okuphumelelayo kwe-naphtha kumikhiqizo ye-octane ephezulu. Izingosi zensimbi zenza kube lula ukuphuma kwe-hydrogen, kuyilapho iziza ze-asidi zikhuthaza i-isomerization kanye ne-hydrocracking.
Iyiphi I-Catalyst Esetshenziswa Ku-Reformer?
Ekuguquleni i-CCR, ii-catalyst eyinhlokoesetshenziswayo ngokuvamile i-platinum-alumina catalyst. Lesi sici siklanyelwe ukumelana nezimo ezinzima zenqubo yokulungisa, okuhlanganisa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu nezingcindezi. Ingxenye yeplatinamu inesibopho somsebenzi we-catalytic, kuyilapho ukwesekwa kwe-alumina kunikeza ukuqina kwesakhiwo nendawo engaphezulu ukuze ukusabela kwenzeke.
Ngaphezu kwe-platinum, ezinye izinsimbi ezifana ne-rhenium zingase zengezwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwe-catalyst. I-Rhenium ingathuthukisa ukumelana kwe-catalyst ukuze ingasebenzi futhi ikhulise isivuno esiphelele sikaphethiloli we-octane ephezulu. Ukwakhiwa kwe-catalyst kungahluka kuye ngezidingo ezithile zenqubo yokucwenga kanye nemininingwane yomkhiqizo oyifunayo.
Isiphetho
Ama-reforming catalysts, ikakhulukazi kumongo we-CCR reforming, abalulekile ekukhiqizeni uphethiloli wezinga eliphezulu. Ukukhethwa kwe-catalyst, ngokuvamile ukwakheka kweplatinamu-alumina, kuba nomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kahle nempumelelo yenqubo yokulungisa. Njengoba isidingo sikaphethiloli ohlanzekile futhi osebenza kahle kakhudlwana siqhubeka sikhula, intuthuko kubuchwepheshe be-catalyst izodlala indima ebalulekile ekulolongeni ikusasa lokukhiqizwa kukaphethiloli. Ukuqonda ubunkimbinkimbi balawa ma-catalyst kanye nemisebenzi yawo kubalulekile ekucwengisweni kochwepheshe okuhloswe ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwabo nokuhlangabezana nezidingo zemakethe ezithuthukayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-31-2024