Ukuguqulwa kwe-Catalytic kuyinqubo ebalulekile embonini yokuhlanza uphethiloli, ngokuyinhloko okuhloswe ngayo ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi kaphethiloli. Phakathi kwezinqubo ezahlukahlukene zokuguqula izinguquko,Ukuvuselelwa okuqhubekayo okuqhubekayo(CCR) Ukuguqulwa kwezinguquko kuvelele ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo kanye nokusebenza kahle ekukhiqizeni uphethiloli ophakeme. Isakhi esingukhiye sale nqubo yi-Catalyst eguqukayo, edlala indima ebalulekile ekwenzeni lula ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okudingekayo ekuguquleni uNaphtha abe yizingxenye ezibalulekile ze-naphtha zibe yizinto ezibalulekile zokwelapha.
YiniI-CCR iguquko?
I-CCR Reform iwubuchwepheshe besimanje bokucwengisisa okuvumela ukuvuselelwa okuqhubekayo kwe-catalyst esetshenziswe kwinqubo yokuguqula kabusha. Le ndlela ihlukane nokuguqulwa kwendabuko kwe-batch, lapho i-catalyst isuswe ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze isebenze kabusha. Ku-CCR Reform, i-Catalyst ihlala ku-Reactoror, kanti nokwenziwa kabusha kwenzeka kwiyunithi ehlukile, kuvumela ukusebenza okuzinzile okuthe xaxa nokudlula okuphezulu. Le nqubo eqhubekayo ayigcini nje ngokuthuthukisa isivuno sikaphethiloli o-octane ophakeme kepha futhi ithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokucwengwa.
Iqhaza lama-catalysts ekuguqukeni
Ama-Catalysts ayizinto ezisheshisa ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ngaphandle kokudliwa kwinqubo. Ngokwesimo seI-CCR iguquko, i-catalyst ibalulekile ekuphenduleni okuningana, kufaka phakathi i-dehydrogenation, isomerization, ne-hydrocracking. Lokhu kusabela kuguqula ama-hydrocarbons aqondile aqonde ku-hydrocarbons ahlanganiswe ama-hydrocarbons, anezilinganiso eziphakeme ze-octane futhi zifiseleka ngokwengeziwe ekwakhekeni kukaphethiloli.
Ama-catalysts asetshenziswa kakhulu ekuguqukeni kwe-CCR are Platin-based Catalysts, evame ukusekelwa ku-alumina. IPlatinamu iyathandwa ngenxa yomsebenzi wayo omuhle kakhulu kanye nokukhetha ekuthuthukiseni ukusabela okufisayo. Ngokwengeziwe, ukusetshenziswa kwe-catalyst ye-bifunctional, ehlanganisa zombili izingosi zensimbi kanye ne-acid, kuvumela ukuguqulwa okusebenzayo kweNaphtha kube yimikhiqizo ephezulu ye-octane. Izindawo zensimbi zisiza i-dehydrogenation, kuyilapho amasayithi e-acid ekhuthaza isomerizakhelwa kanye ne-hydrocracking.
Yini esetshenziswayo esetshenziswa ku-Reformer?
Ku-CCR Reform, TheI-Catalyst EyisisekeloKusetshenzisiwe ngokujwayelekile i-platinum-alumina catalyst. Le Catalyst yakhelwe ukubekezelela izimo ezinzima zenqubo yokuguqula, kufaka phakathi amazinga okushisa aphezulu nezingcindezi. Ingxenye yeplatinamu inesibopho somsebenzi we-catalytic, kanti ukusekelwa kwe-alumina kuhlinzeka ngezinzwa zokwakheka kanye nendawo engaphezulu yokusabela okwenzeka.
Ngaphezu kweplatinamu, ezinye izinsimbi ezinjenge-rhenium zingangezwa ukuze zithuthukise ukusebenza kwe-catalyst. I-Rhenium ingathuthukisa ukumelana kwe-catalyst ekusebenzeni kabusha futhi yandise isivuno esiphelele sophethiloli ophakeme. Ukwakhiwa kwe-catalyst kungahluka ngokuya ngezidingo ezithile zenqubo yokucwengisisa kanye nokucaciswa komkhiqizo oyifunayo.
Ukugcina
Ukuguqula ama-catalysts, ikakhulukazi kumongo we-CCR aguqukayo, ahlanganiswe ekukhiqizweni kophethiloli osezingeni eliphakeme. Ukukhethwa kwe-catalyst, imvamisa ukwakheka kweplatinamu-alumina, kuthinta kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kanye nokusebenza ngenqubo yenqubo yokuguqula. Njengoba isidingo sokuhlanza kanye nama-fuels asebenza kahle aqhubeka ukukhuphuka, intuthuko yobuchwepheshe beCatalyst izodlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekubumbeni ikusasa lokukhiqizwa kukaphethiloli. Ukuqonda izinkampani zalezi zinhlaka kanye nemisebenzi yazo kubalulekile ukuze kucwengezele ochwepheshe okuhlose ukwenza ngcono imisebenzi yabo futhi kuhlangane nokuvela kwezidingo zemakethe.
Isikhathi sePosi: Oct-31-2024