Izisefo zamangqamuzanaasetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yamakhemikhali neye-petrochemical ngezinqubo ezahlukahlukene zokuhlukanisa nokuhlanza. Esinye sezicelo zabo ezibalulekile sisekuhlanzweni kwegesi ye-hydrogen. I-Hydrogen isetshenziswa kabanzi njenge-feedstock ezinqubweni ezehlukene zezimboni, njengokukhiqizwa kwe-ammonia, i-methanol, namanye amakhemikhali. Nokho, i-hydrogen ekhiqizwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene ayihlali ihlanzekile ngokwanele ukuze isetshenziswe, futhi idinga ukuhlanzwa ukuze kukhishwe ukungcola okunjengamanzi, isikhutha, namanye amagesi. Izisefo zamangqamuzana zisebenza kahle kakhulu ekukhipheni lokhu kungcola emifudlaneni yegesi ye-hydrogen.

Izisefo zamangqamuzana ziyizinto ezimbotshana ezinekhono lokukhetha ngokukhetha ama-molecule ngokuya ngosayizi nokuma kwawo. Aqukethe uhlaka lwezimbotshana ezixhumene noma izimbotshana ezinosayizi ofanayo nomumo, ozivumela ukuthi zikhethe ngokukhetha ama-molecule angena kule migodi. Ubukhulu bemigodi bungalawulwa ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa kwe-sieve yamangqamuzana, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuhlanganisa izakhiwo zabo zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile.

Esimeni sokuhlanzwa kwe-hydrogen, izisefo zamangqamuzana zisetshenziselwa ukukhangisa ngokukhetha amanzi nokunye ukungcola okuvela kumfudlana wegesi ye-hydrogen. Isisefo samangqamuzana sikhanga ama-molecule amanzi nokunye ukungcola, kuyilapho sivumela ama-molecule e-hydrogen ukuba adlule. Ukungcola okukhangisiwe kungase kususwe kusisefo semolekyuli ngokuyishisisa noma ngokuyihlanza ngomfudlana wegesi.

Okuvame ukusetshenziswa kakhuluisisefo se-molecularukuhlanzwa kwe-hydrogen wuhlobo lwe-zeolite olubizwa nge-3A zeolite. Le zeolite inosayizi we-pore wama-angstroms angu-3, ​​okuyivumela ukuba ikhethe ngokukhetha amanzi nokunye ukungcola okunosayizi omkhulu wamangqamuzana kune-hydrogen. Iphinde ikhethe kakhulu emanzini, okwenza iphumelele kakhulu ekukhipheni amanzi emfudlaneni we-hydrogen. Ezinye izinhlobo zama-zeolite, njenge-4A kanye ne-5A zeolite, nazo zingasetshenziselwa ukuhlanzwa kwe-hydrogen, kodwa azikhethi kakhulu emanzini futhi zingadinga amazinga okushisa aphezulu noma izingcindezi zokudakwa.

Ekuphetheni, izisefo zamangqamuzana zisebenza kahle kakhulu ekuhlanzeni igesi ye-hydrogen. Asetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini zamakhemikhali neze-petrochemical ukukhiqizwa kwegesi ye-hydrogen ehlanzekile kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni okuhlukahlukene. I-3A zeolite iyisefa yamangqamuzana esetshenziswa kakhulu ukuhlanzwa kwe-hydrogen, kodwa ezinye izinhlobo zama-zeolite nazo zingasetshenziswa ngokuya ngezidingo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza.

Ngaphandle kwama-zeolite, ezinye izinhlobo zezisefo zamangqamuzana, njenge-activated carbon kanye nejeli ye-silica, nazo zingasetshenziselwa ukuhlanzwa kwe-hydrogen. Lezi zinto zinendawo ephezulu kanye nevolumu ephezulu ye-pore, okwenza ziphumelele kakhulu ekukhangiseni ukungcola okuvela emifudlaneni yegesi. Kodwa-ke, awakhethi kakhulu kunama-zeolite futhi angadinga amazinga okushisa aphezulu noma izingcindezi zokuvuselelwa kabusha.

Ngaphezu kokuhlanza i-hydrogen,ama-molecular sievesnazo zisetshenziswa kwezinye izinhlelo zokuhlukanisa igesi kanye nokuhlanza. Zisetshenziselwa ukususa umswakama nokungcola emoyeni, i-nitrogen, neminye imifudlana yegesi. Zibuye zisetshenziselwe ukuhlukanisa amagesi ngokusekelwe kusayizi wamangqamuzana, njengokuhlukaniswa komoyampilo ne-nitrogen emoyeni, nokuhlukaniswa kwama-hydrocarbons kugesi yemvelo.

Sekukonke, izisefo zamangqamuzana ziyizinto eziguquguqukayo ezinezinhlobonhlobo zokusetshenziswa embonini yamakhemikhali neye-petrochemical. Zibalulekile ekukhiqizeni amagesi ahlanzekile, futhi zinikeza izinzuzo ezimbalwa kunezindlela zokuhlukanisa zendabuko, ezifana nokusetshenziswa okuphansi kwamandla, ukukhetha okuphezulu, nokusebenza kalula. Ngokukhula kwesidingo samagesi ahlanzekile ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene zezimboni, ukusetshenziswa kwama-molecular sieve kulindeleke ukuthi kukhule ngokuzayo.