Ikhabhoni ecushiwe, eyaziwa nangokuthi amalahle acushiwe, iyinto enezimbobo eziningi enendawo enkulu ekwazi ukumunca ngempumelelo ukungcola okuhlukahlukene nokungcola okuvela emoyeni, emanzini, nakwezinye izinto. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene zezimboni, ezemvelo, kanye nezokwelapha ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezihlukile ze-adsorption.

Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izinzuzo, izinhlelo zokusebenza, kanye nezinhlobo zekhabhoni ecushiwe, kanye nezinkinga ezingase zibe khona kanye nokucatshangelwa kokuphepha.

Izinzuzo zeIkhabhoni ecushiwe

I-activated carbon iyi-adsorbent esebenzayo engasusa inqwaba yokungcola nokungcola emoyeni, emanzini, nakwezinye izinto. Ezinye zezinzuzo zekhabhoni ecushiwe zifaka:

Ikhwalithi yomoya namanzi ethuthukisiwe: Ikhabhoni ecushiwe ingasusa ngokuphumelelayo iphunga, ukungcola, nokunye ukungcola emoyeni nasemanzini, ikwenze kuphephe futhi kujabulise ngokwengeziwe ukuphefumula noma ukuphuzwa.

Ukuhlanzeka okuthuthukisiwe: Ikhabhoni ecushiwe ingasusa ukungcola nokungcola ezintweni ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa amakhemikhali, amagesi, noketshezi.

Ukuncipha komthelela kwezemvelo: Ikhabhoni ecushiwe ingasiza ekwehliseni umthelela wemvelo wezimboni neminye imisebenzi ngokubamba izinto ezingcolisayo nokuzivimba ukuthi zingangeni emvelweni.

Izicelo Zekhabhoni Esebenzayo

Ikhabhoni ecushiwe isetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza, okuhlanganisa:

Ukwelashwa kwamanzi: Ikhabhoni ecushiwe ivamise ukusetshenziswa ezitshalweni zokuhlanza amanzi ukuze kususwe ukungcola okufana ne-chlorine, izibulala-zinambuzane, nezinhlanganisela eziphilayo.

Ukuhlanzwa komoya: Ikhabhoni ecushiwe ingasusa ngempumelelo iphunga, ukungcola, nokunye ukungcola okusemoyeni ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa amakhaya, amahhovisi, nezindawo zezimboni.

Izinqubo zezimboni: Ikhabhoni ecushiwe isetshenziswa ezinqubweni ezehlukene zezimboni, njengokuhlanzwa kwegesi, ukutholwa kwegolide, nokukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali.

Izicelo zezokwelapha: Ikhabhoni ecushiwe isetshenziswa ezinsizeni zezokwelapha ezifana nobuthi nokwelashwa kokudlula izidakamizwa, njengoba ingakhanga ubuthi obuhlukahlukene nezidakamizwa.

Izinhlobo zeIkhabhoni ecushiwe

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zekhabhoni ecushiwe, okuhlanganisa:

I-Powdered activated carbon (PAC): I-PAC iyimpushana enhle evame ukusetshenziswa ekuhlanzeni amanzi nasekuhlanzeni umoya.

I-Granular activated carbon (GAC): I-GAC iwuhlobo lwe-granulated lwekhabhoni ecushiwe oluvame ukusetshenziswa ezinqubweni zezimboni nokwelashwa kwamanzi.

I-Extruded activated carbon (EAC): I-EAC iwuhlobo lwe-cylindrical yekhabhoni ecushiwe evame ukusetshenziswa ekuhlanzweni kwegesi nasezinqubweni zezimboni.

I-impregnated activated carbon: I-impregnated activated carbon iphathwa ngamakhemikhali angathuthukisa izici zayo zokukhangiswa kwezinto ezithile.

Okungalungi kanye Nokucatshangelwa Kokuphepha

Nakuba ikhabhoni ecushiwe inezinzuzo eziningi, kunezihibe ezingaba khona kanye nokucatshangelwa kokuphepha okufanele kukhunjulwe. Ezinye zazo zihlanganisa:

Ukuphila okulinganiselwe: Ikhabhoni ecushiwe inobude bempilo obunomkhawulo futhi kufanele ishintshwe ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kwayo.

Ingozi yokungcola: Ikhabhoni ecushiwe ingangcoliswa amagciwane noma ezinye izinto uma ingagcinwanga kahle noma ingaphathwanga kahle.

Izingozi zokuphefumula: Uthuli lwekhabhoni olucushiwe lungaba yingozi yokuphefumula uma luhogeliwe, ngakho-ke ukuvikela okufanele kokuphefumula kufanele kusetshenziswe lapho uluphatha.

Ukufakwa kwezinto ezinenzuzo: Ikhabhoni ecushiwe ingaphinda ihehe izinto ezinenzuzo, njengamavithamini namaminerali, ngakho akufanele idliwe ngaphandle kwalapho iklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa abantu ngokuqondile.

Isiphetho

I-activated carbon iyi-adsorbent esebenza ngezindlela eziningi nesebenzayo enezinzuzo eziningi nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezimbonini nasezilungiselelweni ezahlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, futhi inezihibe ezingaba khona kanye nokucatshangelwa kokuphepha okufanele kucatshangelwe lapho uyisebenzisa. Ngokuqonda izinhlobo, izinhlelo zokusebenza, nokucatshangelwa kokuphepha kwekhabhoni ecushiwe, ungenza izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nendlela yokuyisebenzisa ngempumelelo nangokuphepha endaweni yakho ethile.